Comparative effects of jatropha seedcake, chicken and kraal manures on selected soil properties, growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

A field trial was conducted to evaluate the comparative effects of jatropha seedcake, chicken and kraal manures on selected soil properties, growth and yield of tomato in Zambia during the cropping season of 2012-13. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates and six treatments, namely- jatropha seedcake (5.0 t ha-1), chicken manure (5.0 t ha-1), kraal manure (5.0 t ha-1), jatropha seedcake (2.5 t ha-1) + chicken manure (2.5 t ha-1), jatropha seedcake (2.5 t ha-1) + kraal manure (2.5 t ha-1) and control (0.0 t ha-1) was used. Soil total N, P, K, Ca, Mg, SOM, soil pH, bulk density, plant height, number of branches, number of fruits plant-1, and mean fruit weight effects were subsequently monitored. Organic manures significantly increased total N, available P, exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, SOM, soil pH, plant height, number of branches, number of fruits, mean fruit weight and yield of tomato compared to the control. Organic manures also significantly reduced soil bulk density compared to the control. Among the organic amendments treated alone, jatropha seedcake gave the highest yield of 28.62 t ha-1 compared to chicken manure (28.20 t ha-1) and kraal manure (27.50 t ha-1). Maximum yield benefits came from a mixture of jatropha seedcake + chicken manure (29.60 t ha-1)and jatropha seedcake + kraal manure (29.00 t ha- 1) which could have been due to balanced proportions of major nutrients required for tomato growth. Jatropha seedcake mostly performed favourably the same or better than chicken and kraal manures in many aspects.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 8 (1): 1-6, June, 201

Uji Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Biji Petai Cina (Leucaena Leucochepala L) Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Dengan Aloksan

: Public believes that Lead Tree seeds (Leucaena leucochepala L) as a kind of medicinal plant that have capability of treating a lot of diseases, among them is diabetes. This study aimed to test whether the Lead tree seeds extract can reduce blood glucose levels of Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) which has induced alloxan. The subjects in these research were male wistar rat with total of 18 samples divided into six groups consisting of a negative control group and five groups induced by alloxan with dose 130 mg/kgBW of rat, which can cause wistar rats in hyperglycemic state. Hyperglycemic rats were given lead tree seed extract at a dose of 0,14 mg/200 gBW, 0,3 mg/200 gBW, and 0,6 mg/200 gBW, positive control group was given insulin analogue, and one group was given alloxan. Data obtained from the examination of blood glucose levels in all groups of Wistar rats on day zero, day one and day two every six hours on 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24. The results showed that giving lead tree seed extract does not have the effect to reduce blood glucose levels Wistar rats

Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Biji Pala (Myristicae Fragrans)terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Dan Streptococcus Pyogenes

: People of Indonesia especially in North Sulawesi often use nutmeg powder for wound treatment. Comensalist bacterias that live in human skin, like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenescan infect open wound especially those that are not treatedwell. This study aimed to find out the result of nutmeg extract inhibition test on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. This was a laboratory experimental study using modified Kirby-Bauer wells at Phytochemistry and Micobriology Laboratory of Sam Ratulangi University Faculty of Mathematics and Science. Nutmeg extract was obtained from maceration process with 96% ethanol. Concentrations of the thick extract that was used were 100 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, and 12,5 mg/ml. Cefuroxime was used as positive control and aquades was used as negative control. The results showed that aquades had no inhibition zone. Cefuroxime had the widest diameter of inhibition zone. The average of inhibition diameter that was produced by Cefuroxime was 37,33 mm toward S. Aureus bacteria and 42,67 mm toward S. Pyogenes bacteria. Nutmeg extract with 100 mg/ml concentration produced a 25,16 mm inhibition zone diameter on S. Aureus bacteria and 24,16 mm on S. Pyogenes bacteria. Nutmeg extract with 25 mg/ml concentration produced a 19,16 mm diameter on S. Aureus bacteria and 20,66 mm on S. Pyogenes bacteria. While nutmeg extract with 12,5 mg/ml concentration prodyced a 16,16 mm diameter on S. Aureus bacteria and 18,16 mm on S. Pyogenes bacteria. Conclusion: Nutmeg extract has a potential inhibition effect on the growth of S. Aureus and S. Pyogenes bacteria. The inhibition effect of nutmeg extract is stronger on S. Pyogenes than S. Aureus

Pengaruh Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kinerja Aparatur Pemerintah di Kantor Kecamatan Kawangkoan Utara

Government personnel is an important factor in achieving the objectives ofgovernment and state. In reality there is, still encountered problems in government agencies.Problems often occur is the presence of government officials who have the quality of work is notgood, it was seen from the slow processing tasks that accumulate, the lack of discipline ofgovernment officials, as a result of service that is provided is not maximized., While the one of thegovernment's efforts to improve the quality of government personnel is by giving knowledge andguidance through education and training.The research method that I use in this study is a quantitative research methods.quantitative method is a method / research based on the philosophy of positivism that is the sciencevalid, science is built on empirical, observable, measurable, using mathematical logic and makegeneralizations above average population and sample of this research is all employees at thedistrict office Kawangkoan north numbering 30 people.Based on the analysis using Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r) = 0.802,while the coefficient of determination (r2) = 0.64. The results showed that the correlationcoefficient between the level of education and training on the performance of government officialsby 0802, while the coefficient of determination of 64%. With this result can be explained that theincrease in the performance of the government apparatus is determined by the education andtraining by 64% while 36% is determined by factors other. be based on above results, thehypothesis put forward unacceptable that there are degrees of connection and the power ofdetermination between education and training on the performance of government officials at theDistrict Office North Kawangkoan. Furthermore, based on the significance of test results obtainedthat the value t = 7108 at significance level (α) = 0.05 with degrees of freedom (df) = n -2 = 28,then the table = 1.701. From the data obtained that thitung greater than table where thitung 7.108˃ 1,701. then H0 and H1 a reject. thing this proves that there is significant influence betweeneducation and training on the performance of government officials at the District Office NorthKawangkoan.of research results on North District office Kawangkoan that education andtraining programs have a very strong influence on the improvement of the performance of thegovernment apparatus, the more often a government apparatus to follow the education andtraining programs, the performance of the apparatus will also increase

Uji Beberapa Dosis Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Aloksan

: Herbal and natural products of folk medicine have been used for centuries in every culture throughout the world. One of folks medicine that has been used in Indonesia is the noni fruit. According to research conducted by I Ketut Adnyana, et al, there is a decrease in blood glucose levels from noni fruit extract with a dose of 500 mg/kg BW and 1000 mg/kg BW. This research aims to know the minimal dose of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) extract against a decrease in blood glucose levels in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced alloxan. This study used 15 Wistar rats with diabetic induced by 130 mg/kg BW alloxan intraperitoneal. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups; each group were given Aquades, Insulin Novomix 0,4 IU/100 gr BW, Noni fruit extract 125 mg/kg BW, 250 mg/kg BW, and 500 mg/kg BW. The result data obtained by the results of blood glucose levels evaluation on each rats on the first, second, and second day before the treatment after 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours. Data from the measurement showed that noni fruit extracts with a dose of 125 mg/kg BW has the effect to lower blood glucose levels in Wistar rats induced alloxa

Uji Efek Ekstrak Umbi Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum L.) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Aloksan

: Garlic (A. sativumL.) is one of many herbal medicine that have been used worldwide to prevent and treat a lot of disease, for example to treat diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of garlic bulbs extract administration on elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) induced by alloxan. The subjects inthis research were male Wistar rats with total of 18 samples divided into six groups as follows negative control group and five hyperglycemic groups induced by 130 mg/kgBW of alloxan. Garlic bulbs extract was administered with dose of 3 mg/200 gBW of rat, 6 mg/200 gBW of rats, and 12 mg/200 gBW on each groups of hyperglycemic rats, insulin analogue was administered on positive control groups of hyperglycemic rats, and only alloxan was given to the last group. Blood glucose levels was measured on day zero, day one and day two every six hours on 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24. Data from the measurement showed that 6 mg/200 gBW and 12 mg/200 gBW of garlic bulbs extract can reduce elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats. Garlic bulbs extract has shown effect on reducing elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats induced by alloxan

Uji Efek Ekstrak Buah Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Aloksan

: Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is one of many herbal medicine that have been used worldwide to prevent and treat diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of garlic bulbs extract administration on elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) induced by alloxan. The subject in this research were male Wistar rats with total of 15 samples divided into 5 groups, consisting of one negative control group, one positive control group who were induce by 130 mg/kgBW of alloxan that cause the Rats in conditions of hyperglycemic, and three groups of Rats were given okra extract with dose of 0.375 ml/100 gBW of rat, 0.75 ml/100 gBW of rat , and 1.5 ml/100 gBW of rat. Blood glucose levels was measured on day zero, day one and day two every thirty minutes on 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and every six hours on 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24. Data from the measurement showed that 0.375 ml/100 gBW, 0.75 ml/100 gBW , and 1.5 ml/100 gBW of okra extract can't reduce elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats

Efficient Conditional Proxy Re-encryption with Chosen-Ciphertext Security

Recently, a variant of proxy re-encryption, named conditional proxy re-encryption (C-PRE), has been introduced. Compared with traditional proxy re-encryption, C-PRE enables the delegator to implement fine-grained delegation of decryption rights, and thus is more useful in many applications. In this paper, based on a careful observation on the existing definitions and security notions for C-PRE, we reformalize more rigorous definition and security notions for C-PRE. We further propose a more efficient C-PRE scheme, and prove its chosenciphertext security under the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) assumption in the random oracle model. In addition, we point out that a recent C-PRE scheme fails to achieve the chosen-ciphertext security

Visible light photodegradation of methyl orange and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in wastewater

Water pollution due to dyes and pathogens is problematic worldwide, and the disease burden is higher in low-income countries where water treatment facilities are usually inadequate. Thus the development of low-cost techniques for the removal of dyes and pathogens in aquatic systems is critical for safeguarding human and ecological health. In this work, we report the fabrication and use of a photocatalyst derived from waste from coal combustion in removing dyes and pathogens from wastewater. Higher TiO2 loading of the photocatalyst increased the removal efficiency for methyl orange (95.5%), and fluorine-doping improved the disinfection efficacy from 76% to 95% relative to unmodified material. Overall, the work effectively converted hazardous waste into a value-added product that has potential in point-of-use water treatment. Future research should focus on upscaling the technique, investigating the fate of the potential of the photocatalysts for multiple reuse, and the recovery of TiO2 in treated water. Significance: • The study provides a pathway for the fabrication of a value-added product from coal fly ash waste.• The use of the proposed nanocomposite material for wastewater treatment represents a potentially affordable, simple, and sustainable technology for point-of-use water treatmen